Udindo Wovuta Wama Bearings Plain mu Wind Turbines

Pofunafuna mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso, ma turbine amphepo amaimira zodabwitsa zazikulu za uinjiniya. Ngakhale kuti masamba ndi ma jenereta nthawi zambiri amakopa chidwi, ngwazi zosayamikiridwa zomwe zimaonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino, zodalirika, komanso moyenera ndi zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake—makamaka ma bearing wamba . Ntchito yawo sikuti ndi yothandiza kokha komanso yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa turbine, moyo wautali, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Ma bearing osavuta amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali kwa ma turbine amphepo. Kuzungulira kwa ma shaft, kuchepetsa kukangana, komanso kuyenda bwino kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za turbine zonsezi zimadalira zinthu zomwe sizikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono. Ma turbine amphepo amadalira kwambiri ma bearing osavuta pa ma main shaft, yaw, ndi pitch systems, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri magwiridwe antchito awo komanso kudalirika kwawo. Kuwonetsa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso kumadalira kwambiri chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwawo kocheperako, kuthekera kogwira ntchito m'malo osakhululuka, komanso kulimba. N'zosamveka kutsindika kufunika kwa malo abwino kwambiri osavuta pakupanga ndi kusamalira ma turbine amphepo, chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mphamvu yamphepo.

Kodi Plain Bearing ndi chiyani (Sliding Bearing)?

Ma bearings otsika (omwe amadziwikanso kuti sliding kapena sleeve bearings) ndi njira yosavuta yonyamula. Mosiyana ndi zitsulo zogudubuza (mpira kapena zodzigudubuza), zimagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yolumikizirana. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo okhala, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zosanjikiza, zopanda magawo osuntha. Pamwambapa amapangidwa kuti azithandizira katundu pomwe amalola kuyenda pang'ono komwe kumakhala ndi mikangano yochepa.

Kodi Sliding Bearing(plain bear) Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito pa Mphepo ya Mphepo?

Mapiritsi otsetsereka / Mabere owoneka bwino amayikidwa m'malo angapo opsinjika kwambiri mkati mwa turbine yamphepo, iliyonse ili ndi zofuna zake:

Rotor Blade Pitch ndi Yaw Systems: Iyi ndiyo ntchito yawo yofunika kwambiri.

Ma Pitch Bearings: Ali pamzu wa tsamba lililonse pomwe limalumikizana ndi hub. Amalola masambawo kuzungulira ("pitch") kuti akonze ngodya yawo ku mphepo, kuwongolera mphamvu yotulutsa komanso kuteteza turbine ku liwiro lopitirira muyeso panthawi ya mphepo yamphamvu.

Ma Yaw Bearings: Ali pakati pa nacelle (nyumba yomwe ili ndi jenereta) ndi nsanja. Amathandiza nacelle yonse kuzungulira ndikuyang'ana mbali ya mphepo ikasintha.

Chithandizo Chachikulu Cha Shaft: Mu mapangidwe ena a turbine, makamaka mitundu ikuluikulu, ma bearing akuluakulu osavuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira shaft yayikulu yothamanga pang'ono, pogwira ntchito yolemera kwambiri ya radial ndi axial kuchokera ku rotor.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Kutsetsereka Kumanyamula (kubereka) Ndikovuta Kwambiri?

Kagwiritsidwe kake kovutirapo kwa makina opangira mphepo kumapangitsa kuti kutsetsereka kukhale njira yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito izi:

Kutha Kunyamula Katundu Kwambiri: Ma bearing otsetsereka/Ma bearing osalala ali ndi malo akuluakulu olumikizirana, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azithandiza katundu wamkulu wosasunthika komanso wosinthasintha wopangidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu a rotor ndi mphepo yamphamvu kuposa bearing yozungulira yofanana ndi kukula kwake. Ndi aluso kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi katundu wogwedezeka.

Kukhalitsa ndi Kugwira Ntchito Kwautali: Yopangidwa kuti ikhale ndi moyo wautumiki wa zaka zoposa 20, ma bearing wamba amapangidwa kuti azikhala nthawi yayitali. Kapangidwe kake kosavuta komanso kolimba sikutha kulephera monga brinelling (kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba) komwe kungakhudze ma bearing ozungulira pansi pa katundu wolemera wosasunthika pamene turbine yayimitsidwa.

Kugwira Ntchito Moyenera kwa Ma Diameter Aakulu: Pa ma diameter akuluakulu omwe amafunikira mu makina a pitch ndi yaw (nthawi zambiri mamita angapo), kupanga mphete yopanda msoko ya bearing yozungulira ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri komanso chokwera mtengo. Ma bearing wamba, omwe amatha kugawidwa m'magawo, ndi njira yotsika mtengo.

Kusinthasintha kwa Kapangidwe ndi Kufupika: Kapangidwe kawo kamalola kulumikizidwa m'malo opapatiza ndipo kakhoza kupangidwa kuti kagwire ntchito yonyamula katundu wophatikizana (radial, axial, ndi moment loads) nthawi imodzi mkati mwa chiwiya chimodzi chonyamula katundu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe ka turbine yonse kakhale kosavuta.

Kusamalira ndi Kudziwiratu: Ngakhale kuti amafunika mafuta odzola, nthawi zambiri kuwonongeka kwawo kumakhala pang'onopang'ono komanso kodziwikiratu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuyang'aniridwa kwa mkhalidwe ndi kukonza kokonzedwa m'malo molephera mwadzidzidzi komanso moopsa.

Ntchito Zofunikira za Plain Bearings mu Wind Turbines

Maluso Onyamula Katundu

Ma fani ang'onoang'ono m'ma injini opangira mphepo amapangidwa kuti azitha kunyamula katundu wambiri. Zozungulira zazikulu ndi masamba, zomwe zimatha kulemera matani angapo, zimadalira zigawo izi kuti zisunge kulemera kwake. Mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa msonkhano wa rotor ndi katundu wa mphepo kumatulutsa mphamvu za axial ndi ma radial, zomwe chigawo chachikulu cha shaft chiyenera kukana. Kuti apereke kudalirika kwanthawi yayitali ndikuchepetsa kuvala koyambirira, ma bearings owoneka bwino amapangidwa ndi zida zapadera ndi ma geometries kuti afalitse zovuta izi mofanana.

Ma turbines opangidwa ndi mphepo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono monga bimetal alloys kapena zitsulo-pulasitiki composites. Poyerekeza ndi zida zonyamulira wamba, izi ndizabwino kwambiri pothandizira katundu. Amatha kupirira katundu wozungulira komanso kugwedezeka kwakanthawi komwe kumachitika panthawi ya turbine, makamaka poyambitsa, kutseka, ndi mphepo yamkuntho yadzidzidzi.

Kuchepetsa Mkangano

Imodzi mwa ntchito zoyamba za ma bearing a plain mu ma turbines amphepo ndikuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa magawo osuntha. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, kuwonjezeka kwachangu potembenuza mphamvu yamphepo kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi ndi zotsatira zachindunji za kuchepa kwamphamvu. Monga phindu lachiwiri, kukangana kocheperako kumatanthauza kung'ambika pang'ono ndi kung'ambika pazigawo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti turbine imakhala nthawi yayitali pakati pa kukonza.

Kukangana kwachepa kwa ma bearings owoneka bwino ndi chifukwa cha kusankha mwanzeru zinthu ndi uinjiniya wa malo onyamula. Ngakhale atalemedwa ndi katundu wolemetsa, ma fani ambiri amasiku ano omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina opangira mphepo amatha kudzipaka mafuta okha posunga mafuta ocheperapo pakati pa malo awo. Chifukwa kukonza mwachizoloŵezi nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta komanso kokwera mtengo, kudzipaka nokha kumeneku kumakhala kothandiza makamaka m'mafamu amphepo akunyanja kapena kutali.

Kusinthasintha Kwachilengedwe

Ma turbine amphepo amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ankhanza, kuyambira m'zipululu zotentha mpaka kumadera ozizira kwambiri a arctic, ngakhalenso kunyanja m'malo owononga amchere amchere. Ma fani ang'onoang'ono ayenera kugwira ntchito modalirika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha ndi chilengedwe. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulozi zimasankhidwa kuti athe kusunga katundu wawo ndi ntchito zawo pansi pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, ma bearing ena osavuta amakhala ndi zokutira zapadera kapena mankhwala pamwamba kuti awonjezere kukana kwawo ku dzimbiri, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ma turbine m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ena amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha popanda kutaya kukhazikika kwawo kapena mphamvu yonyamula katundu. Mphamvu ya ma turbine a mphepo kuti agwire ntchito bwino komanso modalirika pafupifupi m'dera lililonse ndi chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo kwa chilengedwe, zomwe zikuthandiza kukulitsa mphamvu ya mphepo padziko lonse lapansi.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri kwa Plain Bearings mu Wind Turbine Components

Main Shaft Bearings

Shaft yayikulu ya turbine yamphepo ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limasamutsa mphamvu yozungulira kuchokera ku rotor kupita ku jenereta. Ma berelo osalala amathandiza kwambiri pochirikiza tsinde limeneli, kuonetsetsa kuti limayenda mosalala pamene limatha kupirira katundu waukulu. Ma fani awa ayenera kukhala olimba kwambiri komanso okhoza kugwira ntchito modalirika kwa nthawi yayitali osakonza pang'ono.

Miyendo yayikulu ya shaft m'ma turbine amphepo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ngati makwerero akulu akulu, ogawanika kuti athandizire kuyika ndi kukonza. Makina opangira mafuta a Hydrodynamic ndi zinthu zina zatsopano zimatha kuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zonyamula katundu ndikuchepetsa kuvala. Mankhwala apadera apamwamba angagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Kuti makina amphepo azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti azikhala motalika momwe angathere, ma berelo awa ayenera kukhala olumikizidwa bwino komanso opaka mafuta.

Yaw System Bearings

Dongosolo la yaw mu turbine yamphepo imayang'anira kuzungulira nacelle ndi rotor kuyang'ana komwe kuli mphepo, kukhathamiritsa kugwidwa kwa mphamvu. Miyendo yowoneka bwino mu dongosolo la yaw iyenera kuloleza kusinthasintha kosalala, koyendetsedwa ndikuthandizira kulemera kwakukulu kwa nacelle ndi rotor. Ma bere awa nthawi zambiri amatenga mawonekedwe a mphete zoombera zokhala ndi mainchesi akulu kapena mayendedwe agawidwe.

Yaw system plain bearings imafuna magwiridwe antchito otsika kwambiri komanso kuthekera kolimbana ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuyenda pang'ono kwa oscillatory komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mphepo. Zambiri mwazinthuzi zimakhala ndi zida zodzitchinjirizira zokha kapena zosungirako zapadera zopangira mafuta kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimagwira ntchito mosadukiza ndi zofunika zochepa zokonza. Mapangidwe a ma beya awa ayeneranso kuwerengera zolakwika zomwe zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kupatuka kwa nsanja kapena kukhazikika kwa maziko.

Pitch System Bearings

Dongosolo la phula mu makina opangira mphepo amasintha ngodya ya ma rotor kuti azitha kuwongolera mphamvu komanso kuteteza turbine ku liwiro lamphepo. Miyendo yowoneka bwino mumayendedwe amawu iyenera kuloleza kusinthasintha kolondola, koyendetsedwa kwa tsamba lililonse ndikupirira katundu ndi mphindi. Ma bere awa nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono koma ayenera kuyankha mwachangu komanso molondola akaitanidwa.

Ma bearing osavuta a pitch system nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri zonyamula katundu, kugwedezeka kochepa, komanso kukana kutha kwabwino. Makhalidwe odzipaka mafuta a zinthuzi ndi othandiza kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito izi, chifukwa amatha kusunga magwiridwe antchito awo ngakhale nthawi yayitali osagwira ntchito. Ma bearing ena a pitch alinso ndi njira zapadera zotsekera kuti ateteze ku kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga fumbi, chinyezi, kapena kupopera mchere m'malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyanja.

Mavuto a Engineering

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zimbalangondo m'malo ovuta kwambiri sikuli kopanda zovuta zake, zomwe zagonjetsedwa ndi uinjiniya wapamwamba:

Kukangana ndi Kupaka Mafuta: Kukangana kotsetsereka kumakhala ndi kukangana kwakukulu kuposa kukangana kozungulira. Izi zimachepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodzipangira mafuta zokha (monga, PTFE/graphite linings pa chitsulo chosungira) ndi makina opaka mafuta okhazikika omwe amapereka mafuta pamalo otsetsereka nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kudzimbiritsa ndi Kuipitsidwa: Ma turbine omwe ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'madera akutali, amakumana ndi chinyezi, mchere, ndi dothi. Ma bearing amatsekedwa ndi zomatira zapamwamba za labyrinth kapena rabara kuti ateteze malo otsetsereka ofunikira ku zinthu zodetsa.

Zofunikira pa Ntchito: Ayenera kugwira ntchito modalirika pa kutentha kwakukulu, kuyambira kuzizira kwa Arctic mpaka kutentha kwa m'chipululu, komanso pamene akugwedezeka nthawi zonse komanso kusuntha kosalekeza (m'malo mozungulira mosalekeza)

Kutsiliza

Zikafika pakuchita bwino, kusasunthika, komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa makina opangira mphepo, kuwongolera bwino ndi gawo lofunikira. Mitu iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa ma turbines amphepo chifukwa amanyamula katundu wolemetsa pa shaft yoyamba ndipo amalola kuwongolera kwenikweni kwa mayawu ndi phula. Ndi mphamvu yamphepo ikupitilira kukula ngati gwero lofunikira lamphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, kufunikira kwa ma bere otsetsereka / ma bere owoneka bwino kwambiri ndikofunikira. Ma turbines amphepo ayamba kale kugwira ntchito bwino, ndipo kuwongolera kwamtsogolo kwa zida, makina owunikira, ndi matekinoloje opaka mafuta kuyenera kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Ibibazo

1. Ndi mitundu iti ikuluikulu ya ma bearing apansi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi opangira mphepo?

Mitundu yayikulu imaphatikizapo zitsulo zazitsulo-pulasitiki zophatikizika, zokhala ndi bimetal, ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi chitsulo chimodzi. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga shaft yayikulu, yaw system, ndi pitch system.

2. Kodi ma fani amathandizira bwanji kuti makina amphepo azigwira ntchito bwino?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mutu wamba kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yofewa komanso imachepetsa zovuta pakuchepetsa kugaya pakati pa zinthu zomwe zikuyenda. Zotsatira zake ndikulimbikitsa kutulutsa ndi kuwongolera kwa turbine.

3. Kodi pali zovuta zotani pakusunga ma bearing apansi pa ma turbine amphepo akunyanja?

Kuwonongeka kochokera kumadzi amchere, kusafikirika kokonza, komanso nyengo yoopsa ndi ena mwamavuto omwe ma turbines akunyanja amakumana nawo. Kuti athetse mavutowa, zida zapadera ndi mapangidwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Sankhani EPEN pa Zosowa Zanu za Wind Turbine Plain Bearing

Monga kampani yotsogola yopanga ma bearing/plain bearing , Jiashan Epen Bearing Co., Ltd. imapereka mayankho apamwamba kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ma turbine amphepo. Ma bearing athu achitsulo-pulasitiki ndi ma bimetal bearing adapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pa gawo la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Ndi kudzipereka kwathu pakufufuza kosalekeza ndi chitukuko, timapereka ma plain bearing atsopano, olimba, komanso ogwira ntchito bwino omwe amawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a turbine yamphepo. Lumikizanani nafe pa epen@cnepen.cn kuti mudziwe momwe zinthu zathu zingakonzere bwino mapulojekiti anu a mphamvu yamphepo.

EPEN EX SLIDING BEARING

Epen EX sliding bear

Zothandizira

Johnson, KL (2018). Contact Mechanics ndi Mapangidwe a Wind Turbine Bearings. Mphamvu za Mphepo, 21(3), 149-162.

Smith, AB, & Jones, CD (2019). Kupititsa patsogolo Pazida Zopanda Pang'ono Zogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zowonjezeranso. Journal of Tribology, 141 (2), 021703.

Williams, EF, et al. (2020). Kuyang'anira Kayendedwe ka Wind Turbine Bearings: Kuwunika Kwambiri. Ndemanga za Mphamvu Zongowonjezedwanso ndi Zokhazikika, 132, 110066.

Brown, RH, & Green, ST (2017). Njira Zothirira Pamagalimoto a Wind Turbine Bearings. Tribology International, 115, 1-10.

Lee, YS, & Park, JK (2021). Mapangidwe Atsopano Okhala ndi Plain Bearing Mapangidwe Aakulu Akuluakulu Aku Offshore Wind Turbines. Ocean Engineering, 228, 108871.

Chen, X., & Zhang, L. (2019). Kusinthasintha Kwachilengedwe kwa Ma Plain Bearings mu Mikhalidwe Yanyengo Yaikulu: Chitsanzo cha Mafamu a Wind Arctic. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 168, 102888.

Udindo Wovuta Wama Bearings Opanda Mphepete mwa Wind Turbines